Terraform iam roles. Published 7 days ago.

Terraform iam roles. Terraform IAM Role Script.

Terraform iam roles This guide demonstrates how to efficiently attach multiple IAM policies to a single IAM role using Terraform's aws_iam_role_policy_attachment resource in conjunction with a for_each loop. com for use with the official AWS GitHub action: string "sts. 0 hashicorp/terraform-provider-azurerm latest version 4. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation hashicorp/terraform-provider-google latest version 6. Dec 23, 2022 · The example above contains an IAM role with a role policy that allows the AWS EC2 service to assume another role. Overview azurerm_ role_ management_ policy azurerm_ user_ assigned_ identity Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: IAM assumable roles with SAML Identity Provider example. Mar 25, 2022 · 概要 今回は、Terraform を使ってIAM ポリシー、IAM ロール、IAM インスタンスプロファイルを作成します。Terraform によるIAM リソースの管理は複数のパターンがありますが、つい十分理解をせず使い回すことも多いかと思います。 hashicorp/terraform-provider-google latest version 6. test_role } which shows that both id and name are set to test_role: May 1, 2024 · IAM Roles. Add a variable to your service module that will either count=0 or count=1 to the IAM module depending on if the role already exists. Ask Question Asked 3 years, 7 months ago. Inline policies hinder reusuability and cumbersome to read. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation Creates an IAM role that can be assumed by one or more EKS ServiceAccount in one or more EKS clusters. The count value is determined at runtime. resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "some_bucket_policy" { role = aws_iam_role. Published 9 days ago. Latest Version Version 5. You may set these variables to override their default values. 82. Jun 7, 2019 · terraform plan -target=aws_iam_role_policy. And I realized that I also need to create an IAM role. An IAM Role is an IAM identity that can be created and assigned specific permissions. I have created manuall on AWS console an IAM Policy + ro Latest Version Version 5. bucket_policy. my-s3-read-policy Which would output: An execution plan has been generated and is shown below. enabled set false the module can be used as IAM Policy Document Aggregator because output. Configuration in this directory creates an IAM role that can be assumed by multiple EKS ServiceAccount. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation Aug 2, 2022 · Get started with EC2 Image Builder in Terraform; Amazon EKS IAM roles and policies with Terraform; Create new AWS accounts with Organizations and Terraform; AWS KMS Customer Managed CMK with Terraform; AWS Service Control Policies with Terraform; Elastic Container Registry ECR - AWS CLI commands; AWS Three-Tier VPC network with Terraform Jul 8, 2019 · I don't get how to configure role policies with Terraform for AWS. ServiceAccountUser role (referenced as role above). Or you could separate the global resources from the regional ones and not include role creation in your service module at all. amazonaws. Define IAM roles using iam_assumable_role or iam_assumable_roles submodules in "resource AWS accounts (prod, staging, dev)" and IAM groups and users using iam-group-with-assumable-roles-policy submodule in "IAM AWS Account" to setup access controls between accounts. I have started down this rabbit hole with eks clusters, but it is a long slog. Read the database with the user using the role. Corresponds to the iss claim Nov 16, 2021 · The permission policy is inherited from the IAM policy file (Step 1) once associated with the IAM role. Unlike iam-assumable-role-with-oidc, this module:. Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: module "iam_iam-assumable-role-with-saml" iam-account iam-assumable-role iam-assumable-role-with-oidc iam-assumable-role-with-saml iam-assumable-roles iam-assumable-roles-with-saml iam-eks-role iam-github-oidc iam-group-complete iam-group-with-assumable-roles-policy iam-group-with-policies iam-policy iam-read-only-policy iam-role-for-service-accounts-eks iam-user hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 5. In this post we will see how to define policies and attach them to a role for our task. g. Roles can be assumed by entities that you trust. 01 Chapter1: はじめに 02 Chapter2: HCP Terraformとは 03 Chapter3: HCP Terraformの基本概念 04 Chapter4: HCP TerraformとAWSアカウントの準備 05 Chapter5: HCP TerraformでAWSにリソースをデプロイする 06 ハンズオンで構築する構成 07 HCP Terraform用IAMロール作成 08 tfファイル作成 09 HCP TerraformとGitHub Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: module "iam_iam-assumable-roles-with-saml" Individual IAM assumable roles example. name policy_arn = // ARN of the managed policy } Jul 17, 2023 · Create IAM Role; Attach the policy to the role. Nov 22, 2023 · Name the policy bobreader. Configuration in this directory creates a single IAM role which can be assumed by trusted resources using OpenID Connect Federated Users. 5. 2 Published 24 days ago Version 5. To run this example you need to execute: hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 5. When you create instances through CLI or terraform, you need to attach a instance profile. Overview Documentation Use Provider aws_ iam_ role aws_ iam_ server_ certificate Terraform module to create IAM role Published September 22, 2022 by sudo-terraform-aws-modules Module managed by hameedullah Latest Version Version 5. This Terraform module can create an arbitrary number of IAM users, roles and policies. I prefer it as it’s easier to programmatically read it and modify it. ; The administrator then tells Bob he now has permissions to read the database. Therefore, this is the permission policy of the IAM role. RoleName RoleName and it imports successfully. <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id Dec 10, 2021 · Role ARNs always have the form arn:aws:iam::{account number}:role/{role name}. A data resource is used to describe data or resources that are not actively managed by Terraform, but are referenced by Terraform. Jul 5, 2023 · data "aws_iam_policy_document" "assume_role" {} IAM ポリシーの時にも登場した data ソースです。 今回は IAM ロールに設定する信頼されたエンティティの定義をしております。 どんな感じで設定されるか最後の方で画像を載せてます。 ※2 Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: Terraform module to create an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Role with an inline policy (that you provide) and optionally creates an instance profile for it as well Automate IAM role creation. name policy_arn = aws_iam_policy. Unlike iam-assumable-role-with-oidc, this module: This module is for use with AWS EKS. However, I’m a bit stump when it comes to resources that allow you add a policy that’s &hellip; Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: Latest Version Version 5. Aug 5, 2022 · 4. Published 7 days ago. 3. In Terraform a role can be created using aws_iam_role block and policy if custom made is defined as inline-policy. 6. The provider. Published 2 days ago. Warning. 0 Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: module "components_iam-service-linked-roles" { source = "cloudposse Aug 16, 2020 · In Terraform, you can attach policies to a role using the iam_role_policy_attachment resource: resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "test-attach" { role = aws_iam_role. arn } That’s it, an aws_iam_role_policy_attachment needs a role name and a policy arn. How to grant temporary permissions to IAM Roles using terraform ? May 12, 2020 · You should be able to import an existing IAM role resource by doing the following: Create the stub for the resource in your main. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id Latest Version Version 5. Option 3: Write a bash or python scripts to form the dynamic policies and return the output as JSON which can then be looped through in. How to create roles in terraform. Role and group with Administrator (full) access to AWS resources; Role and group with Readonly access to AWS resources I need to execute a Terraform template to provision infrastructure for an AWS account which I can access by assuming a role. Next Steps. Configuration in this directory creates several IAM roles which can be assumed by users with a SAML Identity Provider. 0 Mar 24, 2024 · 挨拶. I have tried various options of using the aws_iam_role, iam_instance_profile commands but cannot get this to work. Jun 21, 2022 · AWS has terraform modules that can manage roles, but the examples for doing this are long and difficult to peal apart and understand. Create an IAM Role. 6. 2 Published 20 days ago Version 5. 80. Name Description Type Default Required; base_roles: List of base predefined roles to use to compose custom role. To run this example you need to execute: terraform-aws-iam-assumed-roles . Name Description Type Default Required; audience: Audience to use for OIDC role. Creating an AWS Service Role with Terraform. Cross-account access. Features. ; After running the Terraform code, you can verify the user by going into the AWS console -> IAM -> Access Management -> Roles IAM group with assumable roles policy example. Terraform Script Overview. google_ iam_ role google_ iam_ testable_ permissions google_ netblock_ ip_ ranges aaronfeng/terraform-provider-aws latest version 3. By defining your IAM roles and policies as code, you ensure consistency and reduce the risk of manual errors. Aug 9, 2019 · I have an existing IAM role setup (not created suing Terraform), i need to add this to a an EC2 instance I have built using Terraform. hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 5. 0 Now I need to create a service role and as far as I understood, first I need to create the role with aws_iam_role and use aws_iam_role_policy_attachment to attach CodeDeploy's AWSCodeDeployRole policy. Although the condition is called "aws:UserId", it is not limited to IAM Users alone and supports IAM Roles with the help of Role-ID and Session Names in the context. Jul 10, 2017 · The IAM Policy data source is great for this. policy always aggregates var. This article section will cover how to manage AWS IAM Roles using Terraform. 0 The aws_iam_role. Overview azurerm_ role_ management_ policy azurerm_ user_ assigned_ identity iam_role_arn: ARN of IAM role: iam_role_name: Name of IAM role: iam_role_path: Path of IAM role: iam_role_unique_id: Unique ID of IAM role: provider_arn: The ARN assigned by AWS for this provider: provider_url: The URL of the identity provider. 0 Optional Inputs These variables have default values and don't have to be set to use this module. I am trying to create a new Lambda function. This module supports both SSM and IAM Roles Anywhere based IAM permissions. 1 Published 16 days ago Version 5. test_role. iam_policy_arn Latest Version Version 5. Published 8 days ago. A Terraform module that creates IAM role with provided JSON IAM polices documents. ARN of IAM role: iam_role_name: Name of IAM role: iam_role_path: Path of IAM role: iam_role_unique_id: Unique ID of IAM role: role_requires_mfa: Whether IAM role requires MFA: role_sts_externalid: STS ExternalId condition value to use with a role Terraform module to provision an IAM role with configurable permissions to access SSM Parameter Store - cloudposse/terraform-aws-ssm-iam-role Latest Version Version 5. 0 This guide is designed to highlight some recommended configuration patterns with how Terraform and the AWS provider can build these policy documents. 2 Published 21 days ago Version 5. 17. Here's my setup AWS Config [default] region = us-west-2 output = json [profile GEHC-000] hashicorp/terraform-provider-azurerm latest version 4. 76. See Create Databricks workspaces using Terraform. Defaults to sts. 1 Sep 21, 2018 · I'm having a terrible time getting Terraform to assume an IAM role with another account with MFA required. 0 Published 4 days ago Version 5. Create another file in ~/terraform-iam-role-demo named provider. Configuration in this directory creates IAM group with users who are allowed to assume IAM roles. The main difference between iam-assumable-role and iam-assumable-roles examples is that the former creates just a single role. Usage. 0 Published 8 days ago Version 5. 0 IAM EKS role. 84. 1 The above code will create an IAM role named AliceRole. Learn also how to create AWS IAM role with Terraform. the concept of assuming another role through a role is called “role chaining”. 1 Published 21 days ago Version 5. iam-account iam-assumable-role iam-assumable-role-with-oidc iam-assumable-role-with-saml iam-assumable-roles iam-assumable-roles-with-saml iam-eks-role iam-github-oidc-provider iam-github-oidc-role iam-group-with-assumable-roles-policy iam-group-with-policies iam-policy iam-read-only-policy iam-role-for-service-accounts-eks iam-user Individual IAM assumable role example. Dec 5, 2022 · Resource google_project_iam_member - Adds permission to a service account. aws v2. 0 May 16, 2020 · I wanna attach both managed IAM policy and custom IAM policy in JSON(as a file or in terraform) to a single role test_role, in the above code I have already attached managed AWS policies to test_role, I want to attach test_policy to test role as well. I'm using Terraform Jul 31, 2019 · I am learning Terraform. Either base_roles or permissions must be set with some values Oct 17, 2012 · Now that we have understood what identity-based policies are, we will start by creating a user that will be the subject of our hands-on exercises on creating and managing IAM policies using Terraform. Creating a user using Terraform. 12. The aws_iam_role has the following attributes (non-exhaustive listing) name (optional) - the name of the role as it will appear in the IAM console Latest Version Version 5. 79. Enter the Account ID of Account A (the account Terraform will call AssumeRole from). DEVOPS DEVOPS When that is complete, show the resource and update the resource stub you created in step 1: Aug 4, 2024 · Creating an IAM role using Terraform simplifies the management of AWS resources. 1 Published 17 days ago Version 5. Feb 14, 2021 · As already pointed out, there is no difference between id and name. Overview Documentation Use Provider aws_ iam_ role aws_ iam_ server_ certificate Aug 20, 2021 · But again the same problem arises where I'm not sure how to attach the policies formed dynamically; back into the corresponding IAM roles as inline policies. Various examples of how to use it are provided by Terraform but here's one way to do it in your case: Jan 18, 2022 · Manage AWS IAM Roles using Terraform. Create an instance profile and attach it to the role. 0 Latest Version Version 5. Jan 1, 2025 · 3. Use Case Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: Terraform module to provision an EKS IAM Role for Service Account - cloudposse/terraform-aws-eks-iam-role Terraform module to provision an EKS IAM Role for Service Account Published January 21, 2025 by cloudposse Module managed by Optional Inputs These variables have default values and don't have to be set to use this module. 0 Published 11 days ago Version 5. Note: Manually we attach IAM Role to instances. But it does not allow me to c Jun 12, 2023 · Terraform allows for infrastructure management. Published 4 years ago. Main. An AWS resource like a Lambda Function or an EC2 instance can assume this Role and the permissions associated with the Role. Published 10 days ago. tf. 0 Published a day ago Version 5. tf and populate the file with the content below. Jun 6, 2021 · Terraform GCP Assign IAM roles to service account. This is a collection of submodules that make it easier to non-destructively manage multiple IAM roles for resources on Google Cloud Platform: Artifact Registry IAM; Audit Config; BigQuery IAM; Billing Accounts IAM; Cloud Run Service IAM; Custom Role IAM; DNS Zone IAM; Folders IAM; KMS Crypto Keys IAM; KMS_Key Rings Nov 29, 2022 · i have a quick question here. I am using terraform to deploy ec2 instances on AWS, and i need a way to attach AWS IAM Role to the instance. How to create IAM Role for specific AWS service like EC2 or Lambda ? You can specify the service name in the ' Principal ' section of ' assume_role_policy ' . 77. Oct 6, 2024 · In AWS, you can streamline the process of granting permissions to IAM roles by attaching multiple IAM policies. 0 aaronfeng/terraform-provider-aws latest version 3. google_ iam_ role google_ iam_ testable_ permissions google_ netblock_ ip_ ranges Aug 3, 2017 · Thanks Krishna Kumar R for the hint. AWS IAM Roles are identities you can create with specific permissions with valid credentials or access keys for short durations. tf like this: resource "aws_iam_role" "DEVOPS" { # stub } Run the import command: terraform import aws_iam_role. Published 3 days ago. Please also note that if you have multiple storage credentials and would prefer to check them programmatically, you can use the notebook attached in the Self-assuming role enforcement policy . Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id aaronfeng/terraform-provider-aws latest version 3. google_ iam_ role google_ iam_ testable_ permissions google_ netblock_ ip_ ranges terraform-aws-iam-policy-document-aggregator - Terraform module to aggregate multiple IAM policy documents into single policy document; terraform-aws-iam-chamber-s3-role - Terraform module to provision an IAM role with configurable permissions to access S3 as chamber backend <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 5. Overview Documentation Use Provider aws_ iam_ role aws_ iam_ server_ certificate Individual IAM assumable roles example. 0 hashicorp/terraform-provider-google latest version 6. Could you help me with the problem of getting AWS IAM role name via terraform? Briefly, I have a previously created role with the name: test-platform-testenv-eks2020041915272704860006. In this tutorial, you created and refactored an AWS IAM policy with Terraform. ; To run the above code, simply run terraform plan and terraform apply commands. 78. 83. Terraform IAM Role Script. Creates an IAM role that can be assumed by one or more EKS ServiceAccount in one or more EKS clusters. The main configuration includes setting the provider, defining the VPC, subnets, IAM roles, and the EKS cluster. Here is the full terraform script to create an IAM role and instance profile Use HCP Terraform for free aws2_ iam_ role_ policy_ attachment aws2_ iam_ saml_ provider aws2_ iam_ server_ certificate aws2_ iam_ service_ linked_ role Oct 7, 2020 · Terraform: associate an aws_iam_role with an aws_iam_policy. Step 3: Attach the role to the policy file By attaching the policy to the IAM role, I extended whatever entity assumes this role with the permissions listed under the policy (step 1). For details of how a ServiceAccount in EKS can assume an IAM role, see the EKS documentation iam-account iam-assumable-role iam-assumable-role-with-oidc iam-assumable-role-with-saml iam-assumable-roles iam-assumable-roles-with-saml iam-eks-role iam-github-oidc-provider iam-github-oidc-role iam-group-with-assumable-roles-policy iam-group-with-policies iam-policy iam-read-only-policy iam-role-for-service-accounts-eks iam-user Latest Version Version 5. Modified 1 year, 11 months ago. It defines the granted privileges in the destination account through the managed_policy_arns argument. tf file contains Terraform providers as Terraform depends on the plugins to connect or interact with cloud providers or API services. If var. The problem I have now is I do not have an IAM user in that AWS account Google IAM Terraform Module. In order to get the user id (which in this case is the role id) aws iam get-role --role-name role_name Jul 22, 2024 · If the “Self Assume Role” check fails, revisit Step 3: Update the IAM role policy and reconfigure the IAM role’s trust policy to trust itself. some_role. The Databricks Terraform provider. 0 Published 9 days ago Version 5. Terraform module which creates IAM role and policy resources for Amazon EKS Hybrid Node(s). 0 Published 10 days ago Version 5. Create a file with the name as main. In conclusion, IAM Policies can be attached to IAM Roles, IAM Users and IAM Groups. # Define policy ARNs as list variable "iam_policy_arn" { description = "IAM Policy to be attached to role" type = "list" } # Then parse through the list using count resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "role-policy-attachment" { role = "${var. Create an AWS IAM Role. 畑田です。Terraformで環境構築中です。 AWSにTerraformで環境構築するのは初めての経験でした。それにあたり、既存のTerraformのソースを参照しながら勉強していたのですが、IAMの設定方法1つとっても書き方が複数あり、戸惑うことが多かったです。 If you used HCP Terraform for this tutorial, after destroying your resources, delete the learn-terraform-aws-iam-policy workspace from your HCP Terraform organization. assume_role resource references the aws_iam_policy_document. Published 6 days ago. Terraform module to provision two IAM roles and two IAM groups for assuming the roles provided MFA is present, and add IAM users to the groups. If you're creating two roles that reference each other, you should template out the ARNS rather than referencing the resources directly. From within the AWS console of AWS Account B, navigate to IAM > Roles > Create role > Another AWS account. I am also able to review said statefile and confirm that the RoleName has indeed been created. Since we’re making the bucket policy with The first thing that needs to be done is to create an IAM role within AWS Account B that Terraform will AssumeRole into. A little more polished answer I reached from your answer. resource "aws_iam_role_policy". Terraform module which supports the creation of common IAM Roles Published May 14, 2019 by traveloka Module managed by rafikurnia Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: module "iam_iam-assumable-roles-with-saml" hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 5. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 5. Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: iam-eks-role. policy_documents Oct 12, 2021 · タイトルまんまですが、terraformでIAM role及びpolicyを作成してEC2インスタンスに当てようとした時に手こずったので記事にします。まずはEC2本体を用意data "aws_s… <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id Latest Version Version 5. 0 Published 7 days ago Version 5. 1 Published 13 days ago Version 5. Configuration in this directory creates several individual IAM roles which can be assumed from a defined list of IAM ARNs. To learn more about creating policies with Terraform, consider the resources below. EKS Hybrid nodes use the AWS IAM Authenticator and temporary IAM credentials provisioned by AWS SSM or AWS IAM Roles Anywhere to authenticate with the EKS cluster. The example policy documents and resources in this guide are for illustrative purposes only. 18. tf in an empty folder. Roles can additionally be created with inline policies or policy ARN's attached and with trusted entities defined as JSON or templatable json files files. Viewed 13k times Part of terraform-aws-ssm-iam-role - Terraform module to provision an IAM role with configurable permissions to access SSM Parameter Store; terraform-aws-iam-s3-user - Terraform module to provision a basic IAM user with permissions to access S3 resources, e. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation Resources This is the list of resources that the module may create. . 0 Jun 22, 2023 · For IAM roles, this value format can vary. Resource actions are Sep 24, 2023 · Setting the trust policy for an IAM role is done via the assume_role_policy argument for the aws_iam_role resource. 0 Published 6 days ago Version 5. com" Individual IAM assumable role example. 16. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation <div class="navbar header-navbar"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a href="/" id="ember34" class="navbar-brand-link active ember-view"> <span id Terraform module: AWS IAM. 0 Feb 26, 2024 · Here IAM Roles are used to grant permissions to these AWS services to access other AWS resources . You can automate the IAM role creation by using one of the following automation options: The AWS Quick Start (CloudFormation) to deploy your workspace. SSM Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: no: assume_role_condition_test: Name of the IAM condition operator to evaluate when assuming the role: string "StringEquals" no: attach_amazon_managed_service_prometheus_policy Jun 10, 2021 · I have also tried importing the role into the state file using terraform import aws_iam_role. Overview Documentation Use Provider Browse aws documentation Latest Version Version 5. Does not require any knowledge of cluster OIDC information as data resources are used ちゃりおさんによる本. This is the recommended workspace deployment method. This approach simplifies policy management and Provision Instructions Copy and paste into your Terraform configuration, insert the variables, and run terraform init: Oct 20, 2023 · So terraform supports json syntax for config, which is fine. 0 + provider. Resource google_service_account_iam_member - Grants access for a user (referenced as member) to assume a service account (service_account_id) by granting the user the iam. 1 Published 14 days ago Version 5. Published 5 days ago. The module can create zero or more of each of these resources depending on the count value. 29. So I am trying to do both using Terraform. First things first: $ terraform version Terraform v0. Full documentation about the IAM policy format and supported elements can be found in the AWS IAM User AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Terraform module. iam_role_name}" count = "${length(var. You can check it by simply outputting your role: output "test" { value = aws_iam_role. to give the user read/write/delete access to the objects in an S3 bucket Another resource block is needed to attach the policy to the role. Bob logs in to the AWS website, entering the company's account identifier, his name bob, and the password P4ssword_. Latest Version Version 5. 0. assume_role for its assume_role_policy argument, allowing the entities specified in that policy to assume this role. udgurb chjubc strdj bgnv ymieb tuvv isnpax btsdj dorrx bnulf